The Chrysalids - Utopia or Dystopia ? :: Chrysalids

The Chrysalids Utopia or Dystopia ?   One could describe the novel The Chrysalids as a dystopian novel as apposed to utopian. The town in which David and the rest of shape-thinkers live is deffinatly not a utopia as well as the new land to which they move, Sealand. The dictionary definition of utopia is an imaginary island with perfect hearty & group A political system, social and political paradise. Waknuk is not an island, so it is deffinatly not a utopia, but Sealand has the characteristics of a utopia. It is an island, but it does not have a perfect social and political system. Perfect social system means equal rights and treatment for all. David, Rachel, Michael and Rosalind are not treated as equals by the Sealanders compared to the way Petra is treated. The Sealand woman came to their attend not because she wanted to help them, but because she was interested in seeing whom this little girl was that had such strong communication skills. She arrived and was very eage r to be sick Petra in the space ship and take her home with her and she was obliged to take Michael, Rosalind and David. When Michael mentioned that his girlfriend was stuck in Waknuk and that he would like to go and fetch her she made no effort. She simply said that there was not enough fuel to fetch her and that they could only leave her behind. When Michael told her about the problem getting home she was disinterested. Michael was forced to bond behind so that he could go to Waknuk and be with his girlfriend. When David depict the Sealand woman he described her as the image of perfection. His description of her was so perfect that it described her flaws. She was too perfect, as though artificial. She communicates on a higher level as him so that he cant understand and does not care about his troubles. Sealand may not be a utopia but it is deffinatly not a dystopia. The Chrysalids are free to use their gifts and feel more comfortable development them.

Information Age :: essays research papers

Discussion Board Activity QuestionActivity Based cost in the Information AgeActivity based costing systems provide a much more accurate picture of product costs than do tralatitiousistic product costing systems. This exercise focuses on an article presented on the Web site of the ACA Group, an alliance of highly trained and experienced consultants and instructors. The ACA Group provides in-house training, management consulting, and systems installation. You whitethorn recognize the names of some of the Groups clients including General Motors, Nissan Motor Company, Hughes Aircraft Company, Dole Packaged Foods, Gillette, Xerox, Gateway, and Anheiser Busch. The title of the article used for this exercise is entitled "Activity based Costing in the Information Age." (http//www.theacagroup.com/activitybasedcosting.htm). It was written by Jim Tarr, president of J.D. Tarr Associates. Mr. Tarr has over 25 years experience in consulting, senior management, and in industrial and man ufacturing engineering. You have been asked by your manager to read the article and prepare a brief for other managers in the organization. The brief must answer the following questions. 1. What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of traditional product costing systems? There are many advantages and disadvantages, in traditional product costing systems. As, listed in Mr. Tarrs article you can see first off that the advantages are apparent and clear. The purpose for this system is what is was intended for. And that is standard cost bill, Companies where designed to do the following for success.1) homogeneous products, 2) large direct costs compared to substantiative costs, 3) limited ability to stash away data and 4) low "below the line" costs. (Tarr, James D. N.d.) So, with changing times and the system being build over 70years ago. This has been cause for change because of the disadvantages the system brings to the table due in digress to the advent of certifi ed financial statements, accounting systems became more structured to comply with the demands of outside(a) stakeholders (Tarr, James D. N.d.) So, the primary purpose and focus of cost accounting today is to value inventory for financial statements. The negative trend continues due in part to the floes that the "leveraging effect" of direct labor overhead application as cause as many other applications have given cost accounting negative effects as well. 2. For what type of business case were traditional costing systems designed? Why isnt a traditional costing system becharm for todays companies?Traditional costing systems were designed for a company with large direct costs in comparison to indirect costs, a limited ability to collect data, homogeneous products and low below the line costs.

Do The Right Thing :: essays research papers

The first scene begins with a close up cerebrovascular accident of Senor revere Daddys mouth, the top of a microphone, and an timidity clock. The alarm clock, being used as a prop, is making a rattling loud, annoying, ringing sound. This is done in order to get the viewers attention to the caper of racism. After the ringing stops, we start reframing in, and zooming out slowly, actualizeing more of Senor Love Daddy and the microphone. There is hard lighting present in the scene. The entire shot has a reddish color to it. A slow zoom and the reddish color are used to show the viewer how hot the setting of the characterization is. The color also reflects tension, conflict, anger,and frustration, things that are not being expressed in the film yet. As we are zooming out, Senor Love Daddy says "Wake up, heat up up, wake up" This part of the scene is also is intended to get the viewers attention to the problem of racism. The foreground and some of the middle ground are in shallow focus. This is a get in your face type of shot, letting the viewer know that this movie will be in your face for the next two hours and that the viewer better pay attention to the problem at hand racism. This shot is solely for the viewers, to get their attention. We stop zooming out once we see the whole microphone. At that point, we start tracking out and the camera starts sorrowful slowly up, via a crane. We now see the reflection of the street outside Senor Love Daddys workplace, on the glass window Senor Love Daddy is facing. We also see hats of many various cultures sitting Senor Love Daddys desk. This shows that he respects many different cultures and shows he is a very open person. Also Senor Love Daddys workplace is street level. He talks to all the characters in the movie like Mookie, wireless Raheem, and the people playing outside with the fire hydrant. This shows he is willing to communicate with the neighborhood and also show once again that he is a very ope n person. He is always looking outside the window at the community. Senor Love Daddy is not hiding from anybody. He is the voice of the neighborhood. The camera continues moving up on a crane until it is at an high angle, and we start panning to the left.

Dilemmas in Assessment of Student Writing :: English Writing Teacher Student

Being a new teacher of English, I find the assessment of compositions to be a concept I question and struggle with on a regular basis. Having consulted several colleagues, mentors, administrators, and fellow graduate students, I have come to the conclusion that there is no diffused answer to this tedious yet ever important question. While there are many inlets and outlets to this dilemma, for the sake of time I will touch on only three. While all three are very different in term of concepts, rituals, and conducts, they all come together to one common closing - helping students express themselves in terms of writing.SubjectivityWhile assessment can give students, parents, and administrators a view of where a student stands in terms of achievement, one must always remember that the path is subjective. There is no right or wrong answer in English, as there is in math or other quantitative areas of study. The basis of a grade depends upon a students ability to choose a course of con ception and convey it accurately and convincingly in written form. The subjectivity falls in how the teacher interprets or responds to the ideas and supporting information. For example, during my first venture as a student teacher, I was given the task of grading free choice rises. The students were given free range of the subject matter, and were told to write an insightful and poignant essay on the topic of their choice. After grading the papers, my mentor sat with me and we discussed some of the grades I had given for several of the students papers. Upon glancing briefly at the comments I had made and the grades I had given, my mentor began asking direct questions as to why I would grade certain papers one way, but would assign a different grade to others that were quite similar. As she went on to read through other papers, she would agree with some of my grades, but strongly disagree with others. I found this interesting because, magic spell we were both reading the same essay s, we were focusing on different points or concepts, which shaded our perception of the piece as a whole.In retrospect, I believe that afternoon spent rereading essays with my mentor was one of the best teaching practices that I have come across. Once in a while, teachers needed to refocus their grading instincts by, in effect, orally defending their stance on grading policies.

Harassment in the Workplace :: Workplace Harassment

Tracy is a 43 year-old accomplished school teacher whose life was moody upside down. She had been teaching for 12 years and had received glowing references and many letters from the Dean congratulating her on her performance. Then, Tracy was transferred to a remote country school where, for the front time in her life, she experienced workplace bullying to the point where she became ill and could no longer face going to work. For sixer years Tracy put up with bullying. A colleague/superior told her that it wouldnt matter if she was dead. She was physically pushed. She was isolated by not being included in staff celebrations, or bid work projects, and the staff involved would not sit by her. She was humiliated by having a dunce hat placed on her head during a school performance. She was yelled at during a meeting for being late yet others who arrived later received no reprimand. She was denied appropriate resources to do her job and was told that 30 pieces of art paper was sufficient for the entire year. She endured psychological games by being made to feel as though there was something wrong with her. Tracy endured this treatment from her colleagues and superiors for six long years and now she has major depressive illness with anxiety attacks that are so bad that she lies down and groans. She has nighttime enuresis that worsens when she is highly stressed. She has tried to clothe suicide. Tracy has become a recluse and describes herself as a shadow of her former confident self. Tracys story is not an isolated case. Many workers harbour endured sympathetic treatment with devastating effects. (Freeman)John said I had lost my identity and self-esteem, and there was a lot of unresolved anger that I had to let go of before I could channel my energies into the future.Simone said I practically turned myself inside out to gain his approval but went nowhere in the company. He ignored my input at meetings, sneered and tal ked through my presentations. Friends in the business passed on quite vicious rumors about me. I know he started them, but have no proof.

Harassment in the Workplace :: Workplace Harassment

Tracy is a 43 year-old accomplished school teacher whose life was turned upside down. She had been teaching for 12 years and had authoritative glowing references and many letters from the Dean congratulating her on her performance. Then, Tracy was transferred to a remote country school where, for the first time in her life, she experienced workplace hector to the point where she became ill and could no longer face going to work. For six years Tracy put up with bullying. A colleague/superior told her that it wouldnt number if she was dead. She was physically pushed. She was isolated by not being included in staff celebrations, or volunteer work projects, and the staff involved would not mold by her. She was humiliated by having a dunce hat placed on her head during a school performance. She was yelled at during a see for being late yet others who arrived later received no reprimand. She was denied appropriate resources to do her job and was told that thirty p ieces of art paper was sufficient for the entire year. She endured mental games by being made to feel as though there was something wrong with her. Tracy endured this treatment from her colleagues and superiors for six long years and now she has major depressive indisposition with anxiety attacks that are so bad that she lies down and groans. She has nighttime enuresis that worsens when she is highly stressed. She has tried to commit suicide. Tracy has become a recluse and describes herself as a shadow of her former confident self. Tracys story is not an isolated case. Many workers have endured similar treatment with devastating effects. (Freeman)John said I had lost my identity and self-esteem, and there was a lot of unresolved anger that I had to let go of before I could channel my energies into the future.Simone said I practically turned myself inside out to gain his approval but went nowhere in the company. He ignored my input at meetings, sneered and tal ked through my presentations. Friends in the business passed on quite vicious rumors about me. I know he started them, but have no proof.

John Milton’s Paradise Lost as an Epic Poetry Essay

The heroical numbers has been regarded ion all(a) ages and countries as the highest form of poem and there are great grands in al around in all the literatures in the world. As Dr. Johnson has put it, By the general consent of critics, the first panegyric of genius is due to the writer of an epic poem, as it requires an assemblage of all the powers which are singly sufficient for other compositionsEpic poetry undertakes to teach the most important truths by the most pleasing precepts, and therefore, relates some great event in the most affecting manner (xix). John Miltons paradise disordered belongs to a rare breed of epic poetry in that it conforms to all the structural aspects of an epic, much in contrast with the decline of epic in the 18th century (Griffin 143-154).In the eighteenth century, the epic conventions made a gradual shift to mock-heroic poetry a literary form that pseudo-eulogizes events of stately summit, in a bid to satirize them. But Milton, an egotist thr oughout his life, picks up topics of profound significance in the context of Christianity, and writes in an epic style that is perfectly complemented by content and theme. This paper is going to analyze Paradise Lost as an epic poetry.Paradise Lost, which was originally published 1667 in 10 volumes, is written in uninfected verse a literary device deployed to convey freedom of expression which is commonly attrisolelyed to poems of grand scope. The poem vividly narrates the theme of demon and the travel Angels.Mans expulsion from Gods abode in heaven is the main theme addressed in the book. If one takes into consideration the attach principle of epic poetry as having some fundamental and simplest of storylines, Paradise Lost qualifies per se. the story of man giving in to temptation and his subsequent go through from divine grace is a recurring theme in many world literatures. Hence, its subject matter is of universal interest. Again, the story is told inwardly a tarradiddle framework which is fictional in nature.The narrative flow has plenty of drifts when the poet alludes to several biblical and pagan beliefs. But the allusions are very much in keeping with the central theme of the poem to justify the ways of God to men (Milton, I. 26).Johnsons views of an epic poem substantiate the thesis pretty well. Almost all the characteristic elements of an epic poem are present in Paradise LostThe subject matter being dealt with ought to be of a grand scale, rather some well known tales of heroism and/or defiance of convention. Normally, the subject of an epic is expected to deal with actual historical events or imaginary but probable tales.The action of the story must(prenominal) be developed by a proportionate mix of grand narrative, dialog and soliloquy.Meditative and dramatic elements bust in epic poetry. Hence, the canvas of an epic poetry is structured with minute attention to detail, having periodical digressions relevant to the progression of the s toryline.The protagonist or the hero must not represent the institutional segment of society. In other words, his actions and words should reflect offbeat ideas intended to defy institutional norms. However, the hero should also deliver moral transparency and lofty idealism. The story must be based on the hero.The style and other literary techniques should be simple yet profound. genius of the rudimentary aspects of epic poetry is that it should always be expressed in a free flowing form, stripped of excesses wherever feasible.At the same time, the language should never appear as if constrained by the plot. The plot and the narrative must complement each other without limiting the immense scope of each.An epic should always propound a lofty moral, capable of standing on its own. in other words, an epic poem must have a generic wine message that stands true irrespective of times or ideological differences.It may be noted that all the aforementioned elements can be found in Milton s Paradise Lost. In addition to this, the poem also preserves classical epic conventions such as invocation to the Muse, prolific usage of epic similes and metaphors, blank versification, repetition of lines and passages, permanent epithets and so on.The subject matter of Paradise Lost is common yet sublime. The very inclusion of a biblical theme sets the poem apart from ordinary tales of mans temporal existence. The Fall of Man has a fatalistic attribution to it, which instantly encompasses everything ever created or to be created within Miltonic cosmos.Miltons cosmology pertains to a profoundly sagacious vision of the heaven and the earth and how they make exchanges. Satans revolt against the Supreme Dictator lays round off the premise for an epic rendering of mankinds perpetual urge to go against norms that put chains on free will. In keeping with epic characteristics, the poem elicits sympathetic responses from readers and critics alike. On one hand, Adam and Eve are thrown ou t of heaven following their cardinal sin.The divine providence they would savor is no longer there. This puts in perspective the hierarchical notion of the order of beings God at the helm of affairs followed by the list of created beings. What is of epic stature is that the lower hierarchy suddenly rebels against the highest, challenging the supreme authority in a dauntless manner.Their punishment is also a part of the development of an epic. erstwhile they are booted off heaven, readers can almost sense that intangible attributes such as immortality and permanence are lost forever. What is born of defiance is what comes to be standing in the long run mans original happiness and restoration of peace and love in their reasonable forms. Once Satan and his men are taught a lesson, following the epic conventions, mortals no longer dare to put themselves in any fanciful longing guided by moral cogency.As far as action is concerned, Paradise Lost unitarily follows a single course of e vents all culminating in a grand climax. Milton begins the story by describing the infernal council of the rebel angels, which precedes the Fall of Man. Aspects of epic poetry are rooted in the poets approach here. He does not intend to only when narrate the proceedings as they occur.He stamps his own persona by suggesting the mood for revelry the Fallen Angels are in. Thus, the storyline starts from a single focalise in time and advances from thereon. Nothing is left behind and nothing is to be seen or apprehended in advance. The battle of the angels and the creation of earth are events that follow from one another and do not occur discordantly. Invocation of the Muse, too, is a generic pattern commonly followed in epic poems (Poplawski 266).In essence, Miltons Paradise Lost is typical of epic poetry in multiple regards. The way it deals with the subject matter, with linguistic mastery and in an introspective mood, goes to show the unique ecological niche the poem still enjoys in literary domains worldwide. As an authentic piece of world literature, Paradise Lost excels over contemporary heroic poetry in many ways. Right from the outset, each character has particular relevance to the story and has generic relevance to the entirety of the historical framework the poem belongs to. Such flawless technique renders a stately charm to the poem. Works CitedGriffin, Dustin. Problems of Literary Theory. New Literary History 14 (1982) 143-154.Milton, John. Paradise lost a poem in twelve books. Cambridge, Massachusetts HarvardUniversity, 1868.Milton, John, Elijah Fenton, and Samuel Johnson. Paradise lost. Cambridge, MassachusettsHarvard University, 1821.Poplawski, Paul. English Literature in context. New York Cambridge University Press, 2007.

It260 Midterm Study Guide

1 Two basic types of computers that stooge be on an enterprise network are Clients and innkeepers 2 Which role creates a single sign-on environment by implementing trust relationships that enable users on one network to access applications on other networks w/o providing a secondary set of logon credentials? Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS) 3 ________ enables administrators to create and enforce storage quotas, specify file types that are permitted on network volumes, and generate storage reports. File Server Resource Manager (FSRM) By using _________ installation option of WinSvr2008, you get a stripped-down meter reading of the OS that shows a single window w/ a cmd prompt. Windows Server Core 5 Windows Deployment Services requires two types of image files to perform remote node installations, a ______ image and an install image. Boot Image 6 Which role service w/n IIS enables the Web Server to forward incoming orisons for a specific URL to another URL? HTTP R edirection 7 IIS7 uses a generic request pipeline that is modular in nature.The component that manages the request pipeline, the hosts application pools, and the worker processes is called? Windows Process Activation Service (WPAS) 8 Which feature of IIS7 enables you to publish content found on different drives or different computers on a network, w/o copying or moving the content? Virtual Directory 9 Which feature of IIS7 is utilise to associate each incoming request w/ one particular Web Site, helping the protocol listener to identify each site request? Site Bindings 10 To use FTP7, you must install it in a WinSvr 2008 computer that is already running the role.Web Server (ISS) Role 11 While configuring a DNS server to perform reverse pee resolutions, you must create records for the addresses you want the server to resolve. Pointer (PTR) 12 IIS7 supports several authentication methods. Of these, the only method that is integrated into an IIS7 installation by default and u sed for Internet Web or FTP sites is _________. Anonymous Authentication 13 IIS7s Windows Authentication module supports two authentication protocols, Kerberos and _______. NTLM v2 14 NTFS permissions are agnize as, which consist of two basic types of _______, Allow and Deny.ACL & ACE 15 When a client obtains a Web servers certificate, its ability to decrypt the servers encrypted transmission using the servers, the system represented in the certificate. Public 16 Web applications use a three- horizontal surfaceed architecture The first tier is the client browser application, the second tier is a Web Server, and the third tier is a ____________. Database Server 17 Which protocol enables a Web Server to run an application specified in a client request and pass the request to that application for processing? CGI 8 __________ is an XML-based directory service that enables businesses to publish listings about(predicate) their activities and the services they offer. UDDI 19 _____ ____ is the standard email protocol for the Internet. SMTP 20 _________ enables developers to create dynamic Web pages, Web applications, and XML Web services using a dewy-eyed variety of programming languages and development tools. asp. net 21 If ________ is used as the method of obtaining multimedia, content cannot begin playing until the file transfer is complete. downloading 2 Media cyclosis is always a trade-off b/t ___________ and signal quality. Bandwidth 23 On-demand streaming begins when the user requests it. ___________ begins at a prearranged time and is typically used for have a go at it content. Broadcast 24 Unlike Windows Media Services, ___________ is not a role it has its Sharepoint Services 25 What method will you use to impose limitations such as who can play it, what devices they can use, and how often they can play on your multimedia content in order to control access to it? Windows Media Rights Manager

Of Mice and Men Quotations

Of Mice and Men Quotes Hopes and Dreams An live off the fatta the lan, Lennie sh extincted. An have rabbits Wed jus live there. Wed pass away there. Wed have our own place where we belonged and non sleep in no bunk house They fell into silence. They looked at one another, amazed. This thing they had neer really confided in was coming true. Nobody n forever gets to heaven, and nobody never gets no land. It skillful in their head. Crooks why Id come add a hand Well just forget it, said crooks. I didnt mean it. Just foolin. Wouldn indigence to go no place handle that. George said softl, - I think I knowed from the very first.I think I knowed wed never do her. He usta like to hear about it so much i got to thinking maybe we would. Friendship VS Isolationism George Guys like us, that work on counterpanees, be the loneliest guys in the world. They got no family - With us it aint like that. We got a future. We got somebody to talk to that authorizes a dump about us. Lennie broke in But not us An why? Because because I gotyou to look afterwards me, and you got me to look after you, and thats why confect Well-hell I had him so long. Had him since he was a pup. He was the best damn sheep dog I ever seen. tighten Aint many guys travel around together, he mused. I dont know why. Maybe everbody in the whole damn world is scared of each other Crooks A guy needs somebody to be near him. A guys goes nuts if he aint got nobody 1. Guys like us, that work on ranches, are the loneliest guys in the world. They got no family. They dont belong no place. . . . With us it aint like that. We got a future. We got somebody to talk to that gives a damn about us. We dont have to sit in no banding room blowin in our jack jus because we got no place else to go. If them other guys gets in jail they can rot for all anybody gives a damn.But not us. Toward the end of region 1, before George and Lennie reach the ranch, they camp for the night in a beautiful clearing and Ge orge assures Lennie of their special relationship. In this passage, George explains their friendship, which forms the heart of the work. In Of Mice and Men, Steinbeck idealizes male friendships, suggesting that they are the closely dignified and satisfying way to overcome the loneliness that pervades the world. As a self-declared watchdog of society, Steinbeck set out to expose and chronicle the circumstances that cause human beings suffering.Here, George relates that loneliness is responsible for much of that suffering, a theory supported by many of the jiffyary characters. Later in the narrative, Candy, Crooks, and Curleys wife all give moving speeches about their loneliness and disappointments in sustenance. Human beings, the book suggests, are at their best when they have someone else to look to for guidance and protection. George reminds Lennie that they are passing lucky to have each other since most men do not enjoy this comfort, especially men like George and Lennie, wh o exist on the margins of society.Their stay put is made to seem especially rare and precious since the majority of the world does not at a lower placestand or appreciate it. At the end, when Lennie accidentally kills Curleys wife, Candy does not register the tragedy of Lennies impending death. Instead, he asks if he and George can still purchase the farm without Lennie. In this environment, in which human life is utterly disposable, only Slim recognizes that the loss of such a beautiful and powerful friendship should be mourned. 2. Spose they was a carnival or a circus come to town, or a ball game, or any damn thing. Old Candy nodded in appreciation of the idea. Wed just go to her, George said. We wouldnt ask nobody if we could. Jus say, Well go to her, an we would. Jus milk the cow and sling some grain to the chickens an go to her. In the middle of Section 3, George describes their cud of the farm to Candy. At first, when Candy overhears George and Lennie discussing the farm they intend to buy, George is guarded, put forwarding the ageing man to mind his own business. However, as soon as Candy offers up his life savings for a set down payment on the property, Georges vision of the farm becomes even more real.Described in rustic but lyrical language, the farm is the fuel that keeps the men going. Life is hard for the men on the ranch and yields few rewards, but George, Lennie, and now Candy go on because they believe that one day they will own their own place. The appeal of this dream rests in the freedom it symbolizes, its escape from the backbreaking work and spirit-breaking will of others. It provides comfort from psychological and even physical turmoil, most obviously for Lennie. For instance, after Curley beats him, Lennie returns to the idea of tending his rabbits to soothe his pain.Under their current circumstances, the men must toil to satisfy the party boss or his son, Curley, but they dream of a time when their work will be easy and determ ined by themselves only. Georges words describe a timeless, typically American dream of liberty, self-reliance, and the ability to pursue happiness. 3. A guy sets alone out here at night, maybe readin books or thinkin or ingurgitate like that. Sometimes he gets thinkin, an he got nothing to tell him whats so an what aint so. Maybe if he sees somethin, he dont know whether its right or not. He cant turn to some other guy and ast him if he sees it too.He cant tell. He got nothing to measure by. I seen things out here. I wasnt drunk. I dont know if I was asleep. If some guy was with me, he could tell me I was asleep, an then it would be all right. But I jus dont know. Crooks speaks these words to Lennie in Section 4, on the night that Lennie visits Crooks in his room. The old stable-hand admits to the very loneliness that George describes in the opening pages of the novella. As a black man with a physical handicap, Crooks is forced to live on the periphery of ranch life. He is not eve n allowed to enter the white mens bunkhouse, or join them in a game of cards.His resentment typically comes out through his bitter, caustic wit, but in this passage he displays a sad, touching vulnerability. Crookss desire for a friend by whom to measure things echoes Georges earlier description of the life of a migrant worker. Because these men feel such loneliness, it is not surprising that the promise of a farm of their own and a life filled with strong, brotherly bonds holds such allure. 4. I seen hundreds of men come by on the road an on the ranches, with their bindles on their back an that same damn thing in their heads . . . very damn one of ems got a little piece of land in his head. An never a graven image damn one of em ever gets it. Just like heaven. Everbody wants a little piece of lan. I read plenty of books out here. Nobody never gets to heaven, and nobody gets no land. In this passage from Section 4, after Lennie shares with Crooks his plan to buy a farm with George and raise rabbits, Crooks tries to puncture Lennies hopes. He relates that hundreds of men have passed through the ranch, all of them with dreams similar to Lennies. Not one of them, he underlines with bitterness, ever manages to make that dream come true.Crooks injects the picture with a sense of reality, reminding the reader, if not the childlike Lennie, that the dream of a farm is, after all, only a dream. This moment establishes Crookss character, showing how a living of loneliness and oppression can manifest as cruelty. It also furthers Steinbecks disturbing observation that those who have strength and power in the world are not the only ones responsible for oppression. As Crooks shows, even those who are oppressed seek out and attack those who are even weaker than they. 5.A water snake glided smoothly up the pool, twisting its periscope head from side to side and it swam the length of the pool and came to the legs of a motionless heron that stood in the shallows. A silent head and dick lanced down and plucked it out by the head, and the beak swallowed the little snake while its tail waved frantically. The rich imagery with which Steinbeck begins Section 6, the powerful conclusion, evokes the novellas dominant themes. After killing Curleys wife, Lennie returns to the clearing that he and George designate, at the beginning of the book, as a meeting place should they be separated or run into trouble.Here Steinbeck describes much of the natural splendor as revealed in the opening pages of the work. The images of the valley and mountains, the climbing sun, and the shaded pool suggest a natural paradise, like the tend of Eden. The readers sense of return to a paradise of security and comfort is furthered by the knowledge that George and Lennie have claimed this space as a fail-safe haven, a place to which they can return in times of trouble. This paradise, however, is lost. The snake sliding through the water recalls the conclusion of the story of Eden, in which the forces of evil appeared as a snake and caused humanitys fall from grace.Steinbeck is a master at symbolism, and here he skillfully employs both the snake and heron to emphasize the predatory nature of the world and to foreshadow Lennies imminent death. The snake that glides through the waters without harm at the beginning of the story is now unsuspectingly snatched from the world of the living. Soon, Lennies life will be taken from him, and he will be just as unsuspecting as the snake when the utmost blow is delivered. Themes Friendship -George and Lennie -Candy and his dog -Saves them from loneliness -Makes sacrifices George shoots Lennie, so that Curley will not have a hance to torture him, even though he doesnt want to. -Loyalty George stuck by Lennie through all his problems and did what he though was best for Lennie what he killed Curleys Wife. I aint mad Friendship that he forms with Slim after Lennies death me an youll go in an get a drink. Loneliness Curl eys wife sexism -Is given a bad reputation -Sexuality jailbait/ buns Crooks color/ racial discrimination -Isolated he does not live in the bunk house with the rest of the ranch hands and is not allowed in unless under special circumstances ChristmasCandy His best friend was a dog -His do was shot, he was completely alone George is lonely even though he had Lennie. This is because he is not mentally compatible with George. Also since the relationship is seen as a master-pet or parent-child relationship Lennie can be more of a responsibility. However, friendship and fellowship plays a big role in their bond. Slim is seen as God-like so the reader does not see slim effected by loneliness forefinger Curley has power because he is the bosss son.Curleys Wife also has a lot of power over the ranch hands because of her sexuality and because she is Curleys Wife. I could have you strung up on a tree so easy it aint even funny. Crooks gift lighted with pleasure in his torture a nigge r, an a dum-dum, and a lousy old sheep bindle stiffs Wearing high heeled boots symbolizes power. This does not apply to Slim. He does not have to Wear high heeled boots yet he has authority at the ranch and has natural respect, it does not have to be forced unlike with Curley. discrepancy Sex Discrimination against Curleys Wife I aint want nothing to go with you George says this to Curleys Wife. Pg. 93 racial discrimination against Crooks A colored man got to have some rights even if he dont like em Inverted discrimination In a second George stood framed in the door, and he looked disapprovingly about. What are you doin in Crooks room. You hadnt ought to be in here. Nature Lennie is compared to animals. The actions/ movements of nature show promise/danger One end of the great barn was piled high with new hay and over the pile hung the four-taloned Jackson fork suspended from its pulley.The hay came down like a mountain slope to the other end of the barn, and there was a level p lace yet unfilled with the new crop. At the sides the feeding racks were visible, and between the slats the heads of horses could be seen. Fallacy personification but with nature. This reflects the mood of the scene. Pg. 104 natures response to Curleys Wifes death. But the barn was live now. The horses stamped and snorted, and they chew the straw of their bedding and the clashed the chains of their halters. Pathetic Fallacy Horses reflect the danger.

Donnie Darko Review

The celluloid Donned vileness can leave many impressions. One controversial spot with this moving picture is that its true meaning (which I found out after honoring the movie online) is impossible to decipher unless you have read the novel that the movie was built around, The Philosophy of Time Travel. When I first watched the movie with no background information I was confused at the over completely concept hardly the most apparent theme that I got is that although people are greatly similar in many physical aspects, he mind differs immensely among people.After watching the directors vivid portrayal of the schizophrenic, fictional character, Donned turned, I have a deeper understanding of how other people, more notably psychologically affected people, execute bottom-up affect and act to different stimuli. The explicit visions of Donned Dark in the movie are perfect mannequins the way the Donned Dark perceives his world is very different from what you might typically expect a normal person to perceive their world. The relevance of this lies In the realization that everybody hints differently.Donned Drams hallucinations were Induced by an excess of dopamine in his brain he Is soundless of an example of how people, schizophrenic or not posses unique mental sets. I think that the movie Is very powerful. After watching the movie I had to in reality sit down and think about what I Just saw. Grandma Deaths message to Donned about how In the end we all die alone Is curiously Interesting this quote brought the movie together for me because the entire movie Is centered on the end of the world and builds up to the break scene In which Donned Dark Is ruled up In bed alone when the plane engine crashes through his roof and ends his life.The scene In which Donned Drams cabalistic admirer, Charta who got picked on by the erstwhile(a) students, clashed with Donned In the hallway and dropped her notebook filled with Jots of Iodines name Impacted me emotionally a s I thought of how Donned tells her that things will get better and Iodines life ends which instanter benefits Charta. The meaning of Frank confused me throughout the movie. HIS purpose Is clear but his orally Is still a mystery to me. I thought that Franks appearance In the vie especially towards the end was very unpredictable and Ire.As the movie closed, things got even more Ire as Donned rides In his car with his dead girl recall dose to witness a tornado engulf the city and eventually the downfall of the plane that would end his own life. Overall I enjoyed the movie. Although the movies Intentions were unclear I enjoyed the movie. Donned Dark Review By sunbonnets perceive their world. The relevance of this lies in the realization that everybody thinks differently. Donned Darkrooms hallucinations were induced by an excess of famine in his brain he is still of an example of how people, schizophrenic or not posses unique mental sets. I think that the movie is very powerful.After watching message to Donned about how In the end we all die alone is particularly interesting this quote brought the movie together for me because the entire movie is centered on the end of the world and builds up to the last scene in which Donned Dark is curled up in bed alone when the plane engine crashes through his roof and ends his life. The scene in which Donned Darkrooms secret admirer, Charier who got picked on by he older students, clashed with Donned in the hallway and dropped her notebook filled with Jots of Iodines name impacted me emotionally as I thought of how Donned Charier.The significance of Frank confused me throughout the movie. His purpose is clear but his origin is still a mystery to me. I thought that Franks appearance in the movie especially towards the end was very unpredictable and ire. As the movie closed, things got even more ire as Donned rides in his car with his dead girl coadjutor to end his own life. Overall I enjoyed the movie. Although the movies i ntentions were

My Landlady’s Yard

In his essay, My Landladys Yard, Dagoberto Gilb seems to be writing about a climate and culture that he is both very acquainted(predicate) with and also very fond of, as he is in fact Mexican and lives in Austin, Texas. His landlady seems to be in some form of denial regarding her surroundings, which is pellucid in her attempt to grow raft and Yankee plants in a desert climate. I get the impression that the author is implying that his landlady is a Yankee save it is rather indirect so I cannot tell for certain.Through his statement that his landlady wants green grass in the middle of the desert, I think Gilb is implying the Proverb The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence and by doing so, he is saying that his landlady wants what she cant have. It makes me wonder if perhaps she had to live in that stand at one time and she didnt want to live there. The author states that she lived there as a young mother and wife.I picture a young woman who is trying to make t he most of her domestic imprisonment, living in a place that is very foreign to her, and her attempt of making it disembodied spirit like home was to plant familiar life, such as the green grass and shrubs that were indigenous to the climate she grew up in. Although there is some sarcasm in the authors voice, I dont sense that he is resentful of her.On the contrary, it seems to me that on some level he understands why she has do such a silly thing as to plant this grass and shrubbery out in the desert and is somewhat sympathetic to her. I know as the tenant, he must be obligated to care for the property, but I get the feeling that it goes a bit deeper than that, so he does performs his duty of fondness for her property not only out of obligation, but out of sympathy for her. And he does it to his own chagrin, as he is wasting the precious water on this foliage that he knows will not thrive in this climate.

Gallardo’s Goes To Mexico Business Analytics Essay

SituationGrowing but non winning- The US market place for Gallardos sauces, salsas and seasoning had saturated. Having seen immense potential for its increase, it entered the Mexico market in 2001. They have grown 20% e really year, and their share has grown from 12% to 15%. They have homeed their products on the basis of the jobs carried out by customers, which was a success in the US. Despite all of their efforts to discover separate, distinct jobs to be done and to position their brand on these jobs, they are non growing fast enough and have not been able to overtake atomic number 20. Gallardo tried to position itself as a distinctive aspiring brand that commanded a significant price premium, however this has not worked and they have not been able to differentiate their products from that of California. Gallardos discovered the job-to-be-done, the market leader already had a product in the market that could readily do the job.ObjectiveTo formulate a winning strategy so as to make it a market leader in Mexico.Hypothesis1. Gallardo has not been very successful in forging a strong link in the consumers minds between the jobs carried out by them and Gallardos brand. 2. The communication strategy is a major challenge and there is a need to re-position the brand in the minds of the consumers. 3. Gallardo has not been able to provide value to Mexican women, who are very passionate about cooking. 4. Gallardo holds only 10% share in general trade which accounts for 90% of the overall sales of salsa, sauces and seasoning.Evaluation1. Gallardo2. Gallardo has positioned itself as a product to get a job-done however, it is equally important to consider the user while positioning the product especially where the demographics of the new market are so different from the companys market in USA. As per the case, the women in advertisements were not representing the common women in Mexico. Hence, making the brand distant from its users.3. Although Gallardo could picture the passion for cooking, it couldnt provide the value to its consumers. This was mainly because of their premium pricing. For example, a small deficiency in California products can be compensated by a little amount of salt or pepper. For this minor adjustment, consumers didnt find it justified to pay 30-40% more. They were not getting any additional value of the product offering. The product attributes and usage experiences required to do the jobs were not well distinguished from each other, further enlarging this gap. Their products were intentional on experience, which the consumer was already having. In short, we can say that value propositions offered by Gallardo were not unique enough to sell it.4. The figure of 10% shows that there was very less sixth sense in the general market. This needs to increase as it shows the huge amount of untapped market for Gallardo. This would include distribution and household penetration beyond urban.

Managing Diversity Essay

1. Put forward a business case for taking a managing alteration approach at Hinchliffe Cards.Britain now has one of the close to diverse manpowers in the world, consisting of a wide range of religions and ethnic backgrounds. However, renewal is not just acknowledged in terms of religious and ethnic origin. It female genital organ refer to political beliefs, age, sexual orientation, nationality, colour, etc. Therefore, it is absolutely paramount that diversity is managed effectively in par completelyel with Britain s rapidly changing social hostelry. The hire to manage diversity is even greater after the events of 9/11 as the worlds societies pick out become more(prenominal) politically ae roved and involved than ever before. Attached to diversity is the concept of equality from which any contentious questions arise. One much(prenominal) issue is the extent to which UK organisations are fair when it comes to go equality of prospect to minority groups in employment.There is a wide range of elements involved in managing diversity including legislative considerations, the handling of equal opportunity issues, as well as the aims of making managing diversity utilisation for organisations. The traditional approach has focused on using the legislation driven equal opportunities thoroughfare in tacking issues of diversity, and the broad aims of managing diversity are similar to that of equal opportunities, but managing diversity has a more internal focus. Many of these aims are rally up with the various legislation that outlaws favouritism on the grounds of sex, pay, race, disability and criminal record* Sex Discrmination Act 1975 and 1976.* Equal Pay Act (Amended) 1983.* speed up Relations Act 1976 (Amended 2000).* Disability Discrimination Act 1995.* Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974.So why should organisations make the most employee diversity? Well, as mentioned previously, the make-up of our society is changing, and businesses must reflect this c hange. Wheatley, (p, 30, 2000) highlights three important trends that exist and are continuing to part further. Firstly, the UK population is ageing fast. In 2000, there were 1.5M fewer 16-25 year olds come in employment than in 1987. Secondly, ethnic minority groups made up 5.5% of the total UK population at the epoch of the 1991 census. Thirdly, women now are a large and monumental proportion of the UK workforce. Generally, the caution of equal opportunity issues involves a social responsibility on the part of the individual organisation, objective consideration when taking selection decisions, develop a reputation for managing diversity, creating a more healthy business environment including high staff morale.Managing diversity in any case holds huge signifi dopece for business growth. Managing diversity withal entails issues of organisational culture that refer to an organisations norms, values and beliefs. A diverse organisation in which there is a broad mix of slew wil l add to the social dimension of the organisation and help to reduce the under-representation experienced by minority groups. Managing diversity is an internally driven proactive utensil that acknowledges the interests of these groups. Moreover, at a strategic level, managing diversity involves* Board level participation, responsibility and accountability on diversity issues* Links to all business plans and benefits at all levels* Employee ownership of diversity objectives* Commitment of resources for training and research* A proactive diversity approach to recruitment, marketing and supplier selection* The building of diversity issues into recruitment, functioning and reward systems.Source Wheatley, (p. 32, 2000)Managing diversity focuses on the individual as opposed to Equal Opportunity (EO) that focuses on treating individuals as groups. Managing diversity (MD) goes beyond the EO perspective. It acknowledges differences in a more positive light. It does this by intending to pr oliferate staff performance, generating greater flexibility in the workforce and working practices as well as making organisations more equit equal to(p). It endeavours to use the differences to the benefit of the organisation. As stated by kandolla and Fullerton, the concept of managing diversity is founded on the premise that harnessing these differences will create a productive environment in which everyone will olfactory modality valued, where there talents are fully valued, where there talents are fully utilised, and in which organisational goals are met1.Whilst EO is legally driven, and subject to the achievement of the performance target, MD seeks to accommodate diverse interests. MD will also enable organisations to become a good corporate citizen, by ensuring that the workforce reflects the (local) population. Moreover, having a diverse workforce will help organisations explore new markets or client groups as MD adds to the social dimension of the organisation. This is par ticularly relevant after the events of 9/11, which direct good understanding of race and cultural issues. In a business sense, it is important to stand a workforce that understands diverse cultural backgrounds, especially as businesses become more internationalised.As stated above, MD uses individual differences and recognises them as strengths and talents, which help to dismantle barriers which otherwise prevent them from doing so. MD also brings with it in-built proactive measures such as maternity leave, flexible working patterns etc By doing so, organisations basis improve their efforts in meeting their customers needs and increase their organisations profile. Under MD, people are acknowledged as the nucleus the organisation, and organisations can benefit from the following* MD recognises that female managers have distinct managerial styles and abilities* develop workers can offer organisations increased reliability, stability, quality, experience and overall efficiency* Mem bers of ethnic groups can provide a rich and cultural experience at work* Disabled people can offer highly developed problem solving and analytical skills because they operate in an inaccessible environment* Individuals can feel confident in their abilities and their contribution to the organisation* MD will add to the creative side of the organisation* MD views employees as an invaluable asset* MD recognises the need for n-going training* Increased emphasis and responsibility to diversity issues* Better recruitment, computer storage and performance systems.MD provides a more transparent and proactive system of wading with employee diversity. This involves a fundamental transformation of the organisations working practices, making it more staff-friendly, re-consider the management structure and introduce more fairer recruitment and retention procedures. MD eliminates barriers to opportunity by recognising differences of individuals as positive strengths that can be used to develo p a culture of diversity. Successful companies are those that are able to monitor and meet shifts in social expectations, to control risks and to anticipate market opportunities. Businesses that have the vision and the will to create an enabling environment for diverse part of the community will prosper.2. Analyse how the human resources activities might have to be changed at Hinchliffe Cards and make recommendations based on your analysis.The main problem the beau monde is having is managing diversity while the organisation is evolving. The case study highlights many issues, which are fundamentally flawed in creating a more diverse productive organisation. At present 70 % of Hinchliffe Cards workforce is made up of women. There is only one woman manager in spite of appearance the organisation dealing with HRM, which is not a primarily authorative role.These statistics are very worrying when you consider that projections show that in less than ten years time there will be two mil lion more jobs within the economy 80% of which will be filled by women2. In order to meet with theses changes Hinchliffe Cards would have to consider having more women in leadership and decision making positions. Many factors may have led to this lack of women in senior positions, like discrimination due to family commitments, womens lack of confidence, the attitudes of senior executives or even men seeing women as a threat. Nevertheless organisations which fail to utilise the potential of women managers will be commiting economic suicicde(Davidson, 1991). As women managers come with many potential benefits i.e, participative and caring management styles .Hinchliffe Cards have also started to use casual comminute during the spring months to deal with the Christmas demand. Over this period they use 20 casual workers to help operate some of the more sophisticated machines during this period. This is due to the current shortage of skill within the industry. This has been met by much discontent from the full time worker who doesnt believe they have the same pride in their work, which affects its quality and ultimately the workforces bonuses. Hinchliffe card game should really be working trying providing a positive learning environment for all staff. A positive learning environment is one in which the values of the organisation include the expressed and acted on belief that the training of its human capital through effective learning is necessary or achieving a competitive environment. The existence of such a environment depends on the active encouragement and support of top management, the belief by lie managers that learning and development activities pay off, and the extent to which the workforce are motivated to learnThe female workers are also complaining about the opportunities open to them within the company, as they have not been trained on the mingled machines. They feel left out as these machines offer the highest rewards in terms of bonus. In additio n to this they are also concerned about the long hours they are made to work during peak periods, which is seen to interfere with their family life. This shows discrimination towards the female staff in using more complex machinery. This is bad for Hinchliffe cards because taking action on diversity and equality has many benefits for the organisation. According to government research it can lead to better recruitment and retention- followed with better morale and performance. If this discrimination and unfair treatment can be reduced, it can have a knock on effect on grievances and transaction in the organisation.This can reduce absenteeism and labour turnover by enhancing employees attachment to the organisation and have a positive effect on labour productivity. Concerns about being able to balance family life with work is also a major problem. The costs for businesses who dont meet these needs can be striking. According to british industry, sickness and absence costs cost employe rs around 10 billion a year and 30% of this may be related to stress. In a recent survey, over a fith of women said they would change theyre jobs for more flexible arrangements. Employers may incur additional costs in adopting policies to support work-life balance, including increased managerial worloads. Such costs are tho generally outweighed by the gains in achieveing strategic objectives.Hinchliffe have also recently outsourced their work to in home workers to cope with recent demand for handmade products. These workers are mainly women from ethnic groups and the company is experiencing a high rate of labour turnover. Due to this the company is thinking of investing in a team of in house designers employed officially by the firm who can be based in the firms headquarters. However the majority of the women arent interested in this option as they fit theyre work around tone after small children. They believe theyre getting a rough deal from the company as materials are often no t delivered on time and theyre has been some talk of covert racism form the company.Senior managers also believe there is position for the company to expand into the EU. The company however would have to be equipped with a workforce with a more diverse range of skills from sales and marketing staff. This would mean being able to deliver a different European language and be comfortable dealing with managers from different cultures. The current sales and marketing staff however lack these skills.References1. Bunderson J S and Sutcliffe K M (2002) Comparing alternative conceptualizations of functional diversity in management teams process and performance effects, Academy of Management Journal, Oct 1, 2002 v45 i4 p875(19)2. Caudron, S., (1990) Monsanto responds to diversity, Personnel Journal, 41, 72-80.3. DNetto B and Sohal A S (1999) human race resource practices and workforce diversity an empirical assessment, International Journal of Manpower, Volume 20 Number 8 1999 pp. 530-5474. Jackson, S.E., May, K.E., Whitney, K., 1995, Understanding the dynamics of diversity in decision-making teams, Guzzo, R., Salas, E. and Associates, Team Effectiveness in Decision Making in Organizations, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, 204-61.5. Jenner L (1994) Diversity management what does it mean, HR Focus, Jan 1994 v71 n1 p11(1)6. Kandola R and Fullerton J (1994) Managing the mosaic diversity in action, IPD (1994), p197. Morrison, A.M. (1992) The New Leaders Guidelines on Leadership Diversity in America, Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco, CA.8. Mullins L J (2002) Management and organisational behaviour, 6th edition, Prentice Hall, Essex9. Personnel Journal (1994) Diverse networking prompts change, Personnel Journal, August 1994 v73 n8 pS20(2)10. Personnel Journal (1995) Open the corporate insistence to sexual orientation issues, Personnel Journal, August 1995 v74 n8 p42(7)11. Peters T (1993) Video Management revolution and corporate reinvention, BBC for Business. Cited in Mullins (2002).12. Schreiber, C.T., Price, K.F., Morrison, A., (1993) Workplace diversity and the glass ceiling practices, barriers, possibilities, forgiving Resource Planning, 16, 2, 51-69.13. Soni V (2000) A Twenty-First-Century Reception for Diversity in the Public Sector A Case Study, Public Administration Review, Sept 2000 v60 i5 p39514. Zeffane R M and Mayo G (1994) Career Trends and Staffing Strategies in the 1990s, International Journal of Career Management, Volume 06 Number 5 1994 pp. 30-351 Armstrong, M. (2003)A handbook of Human Resource Management practice (9th edition). P1332 www.dti.gov.uk/bestpractice/assets/bdciv.txt

Lifespan Development Essay

Set forth by Margret Baltes, Paul Baltes and their associates, the bearing span perspective is the viewing of valet break offment as multi directional, multi cultural, multi contextual,multi disciplinary and formative. Human development is viewed as multi-directional because with time the characteristics of a human melt down to change. apiece souls body consists of a large amount of genes and therefore bring the gap of having several different directions that they could develop. Different events in life ignore lead to a change in direction.Some examples of those events may be the death of a loved one, losing a job, getting married, getting into college. etc. Researchers get under ones skin used the multi directional perspective to figure out that losses and gains tend to occur simultaneously and that losses can lead to gains and gains can lead to losses. Human development is seen as multi contextual because it occurs in various contexts such as physical muffleings and the constellations of family. Urie Bronfenbrenner was the first to shine light on the call for to consider multiple contexts.He recommended that when conducting a developmental study we should use an ecological-systems access code. This involves the belief that the individual should be considered in all contexts and interactions that life consist of in the study of human development. Bronfenbrenner later changed the name of this approach to bioecological to show the natural and biological aspects of this theory. There are three nested levels that each person is postulateed by. Microsystems is straightaway surroundings such as friends, school, church and family.Exosystems is local institutions such as place of employment, school, and religious courses. Macrosystems involves the bigger contexts such as political, economics and culture. Bronfenbrenner created a fourth system called mesosystem that connects all the systems together. An example of mesosystem would be the connectedness between family and employment. Family leave policies and overtime are examples of family and employment connections. Bronfenbrenner created the chronosystem or time system which also has an affect on the other systems.Development is viewed as multi cultural because there are many different cultures in the world today. Social scientists describe culture as a meaning and information system, shared by a group and transmitted across generations, that allows the group to meet basic needs of survival . . . adopt happiness and wellbeing, and derive meaning from life (Matsumoto, 2009) Development is multi disciplinary because researchers must study various disciplines to pull in it. Scientists usually break the study of human development into three segments to study it better. The segments are biological, cognitive and social.Each segment is a discipline that a scientist specializes in. It is also segmented in age groups such as childhood ,adolescence and adulthood. Development is plasti c because the traits of humans can be molded much like plastic and people are durable like plastic. Two Theories of Life Span Development The first theory is Erik Eriksons theory of psychosocial development. He believed that personality was developed in presents. One of the main aspects of Eriksons theory was the ego identity. This is the conscious common sense of self that we develop during social interactions.According to Erik, it is constantly changing as we experience new things and learn new information during our daily interactions with others. Erikson also believed that behaviors and actions were motivated with a sense of competence. Each divide of Eriksons theory involves becoming competent in an area of life. The individual go out feel a sense of mastery referred to as ego quality or ego fortissimo if the stage is handled well. The person will feel a sense of inadequacy if the stage is not handled properly. He believed that people experienced a conflict that acted as a turning point during each stage.In his view, these conflicts were focused on creating a mental quality or failing to create a psychological quality. The second theory is Jean Piagets theory. His theory is composed of four stages. The sensorimotor stage is from blood to 2 years and suggests the the child builds a set of concepts about reality through physical interactions. Preoperational stage occurs between ages 2 and 7. The child is unable to understand logic and cognitive beting. They understand symbolic things and have acquired motor skills. Concrete operational stage occurs between the ages 7 and 11.Children are aware of external events. They develop operational thinking and can show logical reasoning. The formal operational stage occurs from the age of 11 to 16 and onward. Those who reach this stage have developed abstract reasoning and can easily think logically. How Heredity and Environment Affect Development Heredity and the environment both play an important part in hum an development. The heredity factors affect all aspects of development. Genes have a tremendous affect on the birth, puberty, growth and death of a human being. Many traits are inherited from our family members and determine how we develop.Our genetics befriend to determine how we might act. For example, if there is a history of mental problems in your family thus you might be accustomed to mental illnesses as well. The environment also helps in the human development process. The way we act, dress, talk, etc can be affected by our surroundings. For example, if you are raised in the ghetto then you might be prone to violence, drugs, baggy clothes, and slang talk. Growing up around violence and drugs might make a person develop into a drug abuser or participate in violent activities.The people we surround ourselves with also affect our development. If we are surrounded by violence and drugs then we might think that it is a normal way of life and we might also participate in these a ctivities. If we are not subjected to these types of activities then we have a less chance of getting involved in these activities. Conclusion In conclusion, the life span perspective sheds light on the many aspects of human development. It is multi directional because our lives can go in many directions as a result of different life changing events.It is also multi cultural as there are several different cultures involved. There are many different contexts involved in human development such as our physical surroundings and family constellations. Multiple disciplines are studied in order for researchers to understand human development. Human development is also referred to as plastic because it can be shaped and molded just like plastic. Our development is greatly affected by genetic factors and environmental factors such as inherited qualities and the people and activities we are surrounded by.

City of Granston Study Case Essay

1 What evidence exists in this gaucherie of potential supplier collusion?The evidence that exists in the case of potential supplier collusion is that for each one chose to bit only on certain types of aggregates, which is very suspicious and raises further concern.2 How does a vendee know he or she is getting a fair expense in a scream situation?Awareness of the many cost components that lead to a target cost and market scathe is an essential requirement for the procurer who wishes to assess whether the person is getting good value3 wherefore would suppliers voluntarily lower prices on a fixed price contract?This again shows signs of collusion, but in this case we can also read that since there were a slump in the local formulation industry, they lowered their prices to keep business and renew contract with their current buyer.4 Is it reasonable to adjust price based on a general inflation index?I think is reasonable to pee a contract where the supplier adjusts their price b ased on a general inflation index. I think if helps the supplier to generate revenue, generate work and keep a fair price for the buyer where the inflation rate keeps rising.5 How should the performance of a public buying office be measured?Cost saving generatedIncreased qualityPurchasing improvementsPrice effectiveness

Concept Analysis: Quality of LIfe Essay

What does prime(a) of liveness mean? How would a soulfulness ready the creation of note of sus disco biscuitance? Philosophers have studied questions similar to these in the aspect of what constitutes a levelheaded life for hundreds of years. there really is no certain date to the origin of flavour of life as a specific term. In the years 1953 to 1954, two economists have been linked as the is who theatrical roled the judgment in expressing their concern everyplace ecological dangers of unlimited economic growth (Snoek, 2000).Other economists in the mid-fifties researched the ideas of what counts in life is not the quantity of goods precisely the timbre of anes life. Social scientists began to physical exercise the term quality of life in the 1970s. Also in the 1970s, there has been growing interest in quality of life issues in relation to nursing, medicine, and health care (Sarvimaki & Stenbock-Hult, 2000). Philosophers used the supposition quality of life in th e 1980s to formulate moral judgment, particularly with infanticide and euthanasia in relation to severely disable infants and life sustaining treatment (Pennacchini, Bertolaso, Elvira & DeMarinis, 2011).Researchers interest in theoretical issues and quality of life has fallen, but quality of life observes to be used in health care and clinical practice (Pennacchini et al, 2011). There are thousands of people living today with disease and health disparity. For some individuals, the goal of health may not be freedom of disease or health disparity, but a high quality of life. Through concept analysis using the Walker and Avant Model, the concept of quality of life will be examined with an emphasis on health. Many aspects will be explored to the concept, including uses, attributes, issue examples, antecedents and empirical referents. ConceptThe concept of quality of life and what it means is highly ambiguous.Barofsky (2012) explains that any patient of concept, such as quality of l ife, will continually change as it is further studied and more is learned on the concept. In a broad aspect, quality of life offer be be as the dimensions of human experience, ranging from those associated with the necessities of life, such as food, shelter, and achieving a sense of fulfillment and personal happiness (Snoek, 2000).Related to health, quality of life can be defined as a concept encompassing physical and psychological characteristics and limitations, describing an individuals power to guide and get satisfaction from the aptitude to function (Snoek, 2000).The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2011) defines quality of life as a broad multidimensional concept that includes subjective paygrades of positive and negative aspects to life. Healthy throng 2020 (2013) defines health related quality of life as a multidimensional concept including a persons well being of physical, psychical, emotional and social functioning and explains this concept goes beyond lif e expectancy, causes of death, and manage measures of population health. PurposeAnalyzing the concept of health related quality of life helps one understand the concept with deeper meaning and clarity. A question to be asked is, how do health practitioners improve the quality of life in patients?The purpose of quality of life analysis is to improve awareness on the concept and to promote the use in medical and nursing practice. With the growing needs to enhance health related quality of life, theme goals have been initiated. Healthy bulk 2020 (2013) identified quality of life overture as an important overt health goal, paving way to further analysis of the concept. Uses of the ConceptThe concept of quality of life can be used in many different aspects and disciplines. In general, quality of life can be used with philosophy, politics, business, social sciences, health promotion, nursing, and medicine. eccentric of life can be used for life evaluation in each of these disciplines listed above.In health care, for example, research may examine quality of life in relation to cancer treatment versus palliative care. Another specific example would be a orbit on complementary and alternative medicine use and quality of life in diabetics. In medicine, the concept ofquality of life can be used in many different aspects from disorders, diseases, treatment implications, and improvement of quality of life. In sociology, quality of life can be used for social indicators to trace changes over time and monitor the social system, for example. In politics, quality of life can be measured on individual rights and the freedom of choice. The examples provided are a select few to the wide range of uses for quality of life. be AttributesDefining attributes are traits or distinctive features of a concept, giving greater insight to that concept. One of the closely important defining attributes to quality of life is happiness. Philosophers have studied happiness for long period s of time, considering happiness to be the highest good and utmost motivation for humans (Kerce, 1992).From other literature review, there are attributes most often associated with quality of life, which include physical health, mental health, level of independence, social and emotional facets, and sacredity. Another attribute that has emerged is ones ability to reflect on their life at a given moment and consider themself to be happily satisfied. There are many individual perspectives to what constitutes quality of life according to each of these defining attributes. For example, quality of life in the aspect of physical health may be pain or ability to sleep. Quality of life in psychological state may be physical appearance, feelings, and self-esteem.For individuals who live in the United States and other developed countries, attributes to quality of life may be different compared to non-developed countries. For example, a person in Africa may define quality of life by freedom f rom torture, slavery, and religion. Other thoughts in non-developed areas could be the access to education, access to health care, freedom of disease and health burden, and a right to be handle equally. There are many luxuries in the United States and other countries that are not an option in non-developed areas that one must consider with defining attributes at a cultural level. Model CaseA model guinea pig is used to demonstrate all of the defining characteristics of a concept. For a model case with quality of life, a person would have to be in a state of physical health, mental health, happy, independent, have adequatesocial aspects, be able to evaluate their life, and a healthy spiritual life. With this, one must keep in mind the individuality of what these terms mean to someone. A model case could be the following scenario P.C. is a 62 year-old male who recently retired from his job as an electrical direct with Paskato Brothers Incorporated.This man is happily married to his wife of 40 years and together they have four children and ten grandchildren. P.C. and his wife are planning their years of retirement to be fulfilled with tourism, purchasing a lake home, and spending time with their children and grandchildren. Socially, P.C. spends Wednesday afternoons with his good friends at Zest Creek golf course. P.C. attends Heart and Spirit Lutheran perform and considers himself to be strong in his beliefs. P.C. exercises three times a week at Wellness piece and attends a bone-building class on Tuesday mornings to keep his bones and joints healthy.According to P.C.s yearly physical with his unproblematic care provider, he is in excellent physical and mental health. P.C. reflects on his life and feels extremely invoke to be in his position and states he would not change a thing. P.C. considers himself to be happy, healthy, and full of life. In this model case, P.C. has met all of the attributes that contribute to quality of life. P.C. is able to look at his life with satisfaction and happiness. From the model, one can determine that P.C. is in good physical health, mental health, social and emotional health, and satisfied with his spiritual life. Also, P.C. is independent in his life, being able to care for himself and has no physical limitations. Borderline CaseIn life, there are several different components to quality. Many people would argue that the quality of ones life is what matters, not the longevity. From analyzing quality of life, one can understand this concept with better meaning and clarity. Quality of life as a concept has been examined through uses, attributes, case examples, antecedents and consequences, and empirical referents.Through examination, one can determine there are subjective and objective components to quality of life, with an emphasis to individuality. Awareness to the concept has been brought to light, with indication for the importance of quality of life in health care to better patients lives. Hopefu lly, research will continue on ways to improve quality of life in all aspects, with a special digest to health care.ReferencesArmstrong, D., & Caldwell, D. (2004). Origins of the concept of quality oflife in healthcare A rhetorical solution to a political problem. Social Theory & Health, 2, 361-371. Retrieved fromhttp//www.academia.edu/458047/Origins_of_the_concept_of_Quality_of_Life_in_health_careBarofsky, I. (2012). Can quality or quality-of-life be defined? Quality Of Life Research,21(4), 625-631. doi10.1007/s11136-011-9961-0Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Population Health (2011).Health-related quality of life. . Retrieved from http//www.cdc.gov/hrqol/concept.htm Healthy People 2020, Division of U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Perception, Sensation

Perception is more than just a sensation Introduction Sensation is the passive sour of bringing cultivation from the outside world into the body and brain. Perception is the active make for of selecting, organising and transforming the information brought to the brain by the brains. Sensation and apprehension argon two distinct work ates, which collaborate to help us make virtuoso of our environment. Perception requires physiological mechanisms and psychological components, these combine to help us understand.Perception is the process of how we turn and understand information, sophisticated perceptual mechanisms go to work in order for us to gain knowledge. Our perception of the world is direct, immediate and effortless (Mather, 2006). Understanding how perception works is extremely complex and people discord in how they encompass, humans ar quick to apprehend as Biederman (1990) showed people rout out recognise and interpret complex novel scenes in as little as 1/10th of a second.The discrepancys amidst sensation and perception atomic number 18 based virtu bothy the fact that sensation is a physiological process stemming from one of the five senses, sight, hearing, life, taste and touch. These senses enable us to detect stimuli in the environment. Perception on the another(prenominal) hand involves an understanding of this sensory information, drawing from the stimuli detected from the senses, our minds must process that information and create a mental representation of the senses. How our mind perceives this depends upon our background knowledge.For example if we smell sour milk, our nose picks up the smell which is the sensation, then perception plays its part by telling us that the milk has passed its used by date. receptive organs absorb energy from physical stimuli in the environment which pass to sensory receptors these detect stimulus energies and convert them into mental impulses which atomic number 18 sent to the brain. Now perc eption begins, upon receiving the impulses the brain organises the input and translates it into something meaningful. However perceptions are not always accurate.The picture below is called the Muller- Lynn illusion. tidy sum are asked which line is bigger and people outright answer with the bottom line, when in fact they are even. This shows that perceptions freighter be deceived quite easily. What we feel is not the same as what is there. Perception and reality differ. Numerous illusions show that the human mind can misinterpret information and inaccurately perceive senses, these include the Poggendorf illusion and the Penrose st line of reasoningcase. Muller-Lynn Illusion. PerceptionPeople perceive through sight, which is one of the senses. The physical stimulus for visual perception is light. (Wavelength colour and Intensity brightness. ) Light interacts with objects. (e. g refraction, bending of light. ) This forms the basis of how we perceive visually. Colour is the most important component of our visual experience, some of the earliest theories of perception were developed from how we perceive colours. In order to explain colour perception one has to be familiar with, 1.Hue variations in wavelength, difference between colours. 2. Brightness- the intensity of energy, black v white 3. Saturation purity of colour, difference between pink and red (how much black/white added to the colour) The human can identify approximately 200 hues, calciferol intensity steps and 20 saturations, combining to near(a)ly two million colours. Does colour exist? People just assume that because we see colours, they actually exist in the world. Meaning, that when they see the colour red, that red is a real, physical, tangible, thing.But is it, or is colour just a matter of our perception? If we had different types of nervous systems, we would see things differently (literally) and so wouldnt we think those other things we saw were the real things? The Trichromatic th eory Thomas Young, a 19th century English scientist suggested that it takes just three colours for us to see all the colours of the spectrum. He demonstrated this through experiments where he showed that people could match any colour by fashioning a combination of just three colours (wavelengths) of light.Similar to a colour wheel explanation of dream taking just three colours and blending them to make any colour. Seventy years sooner we knew that humans draw three retina cones- red, green and blue. Opponent-process theory Herring (1870) suggested cone photoreceptors are linked unneurotic to form three opposing colour pairs, red/green, blue/yellow, light/dark. The two stage theory was output of three cone types recoded by another layer of neutral mechanisms into 6 psychologically main(a) colours. (Hurvich & Jameson, 1957) Perceptual constanciesSize constancy means objects maintain the same size, despite changes in proximal stimulus, people that are further away do not seem sma ller than people that are close. This is exhibited in the Ponzo illusion. The Ponzo illusion. In the Ponzo illusion, two identically-sized lines appear to be different sizes when placed over pair lines that seem to converge as they recede into the distance. How Does the Ponzo Illusion Work? The Ponzo illusion was first demonstrated in 1913 by an Italian psychologist named Mario Ponzo.The spring the light up horizontal line looks long-range is because we interpret the scene using linear billet. Since the vertical parallel lines seem to grow closer as they move further away, we interpret the visor line as being further off in the distance. An object in the distance would need to be longer in order for it to appear the same size as a near object, so the top far line is seen as being longer than the bottom near line, even though they are the same size. Depth perception Images projected to our retina are 2D merely we interpret this as 3D dynamic scene.In order to perceive depth w e use a number of visual cues both monocular and binocular. Gibson & laissez passer (1960) visual slump experiment suggests depth perception is not present at birth. Visual cliff Gestalt psychology Gestalt psychology was founded by German psychologists Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler and Kurt Koffka and focused on how people interpret the world. The Gestalt perspective formed partially as a response to the structuralism of Wilhelm Wundt, who focused on breaking cut out mental events and experiences to the smallest elements. The whole is great than the sum of its parts (Wertheimer, 1923).We perceive a visual array in a way that most simply organises the disparate elements into a coherent form. The Gestalt theory puts forward a number of laws. 1. Law of Pragnanz things are perceived as simply as possible. 2. Law of proximity Objects near apiece other will be seen as a unit. 3. Law of similarity objects similar to each other will be seen as a unit. 4. Law of continuity we perc eive smoothly flow or continuous forms rather than disrupted or discontinuous forms. 5. Law of closure we create illusive contours to perceive incomplete objects.Perception has much to do with processing and we use two methods of processing these are, bottom up processing, and top tear down processing. Bottom up processing is also known as data drive perception. Sensory receptors register a physical stimulus which in turn sends the information to the brain, sensation starts the process exactly perception takes over and places the parts together when recognition occurs. This is the most basic form of processing. carrousel down processing is more concerned with higher level mental processes, such as reposition and expectation.The information travels down from our brain to influence what we perceive, this is also known as hypotheses driven processing. This is an example of top down processing, this shows how context helps us recognise the letters in the alphabet. Top down proce ssing speeds up the analysis of the retinal image when familiar scenes and objects are encountered and can complete details missing in the optic array. Perception beyond vision Auditory perception plays a key role in perception, along with the chemical senses- taste and smell.Auditory perception comes from sound, the physical definition being pressure changes in the air or other medium. Sound waves vary in amplitude- loudness, frequency- pitch, timbre- quality of tone. Chemical senses help in our nonchalant lives by helping us to taste and smell stimuli. Humans are microsmatic meaning smell is not crucial for survival, we typically have ten million olfactory receptors in our noses whereas dogs have one trillion which shows how dogs have such keen senses of smell. Taste and smell are seen as the gatekeepers of the body they can fetch good or bad responses.Tastes and smells involve a different physiology than vision and sound, this is because the latter two are nerve ends tingling, however when chemical senses are induced the person actually inhales some molecules of the smell inducement substance. At any one time there are hundreds of odour molecules in the air, people have the capability to make sense and distinguish between them. This demonstrates perceptual organisation. We can identify approximately 100,000 odours but cannot label all accurately, this is due to our memory not sensitivity.Gender differences can affect ones ability in identifying odours as women are normally better. (Cain, 1982). Due to the fact that memory plays a part in this top down processing is used. Conclusion Sensation is the process by which our senses gather information and send it to the brain. Once the call for is received the brain processes it and allows us to make sense of it. A large amount of information is being sensed at any one time such as room temperature, brightness of the lights, somebody talking, an engine sound, or the smell of aftershave.With all this informatio n coming into our senses, most of our world never gets noticed. We cant notice radio waves, x-rays, or the microscopic parasites crawling on our skin. We dont sense all the odours around us or taste every individual spice in our gourmet dinner. We only sense those things we are able too since we dont have the sense of smell like a bloodhound or the sense of sight like a hawk, our thresholds are different from these animals and often even from each other.Perception has all the previous components working at the same time so that we can function and make sense of things. How we perceive things can depend upon many factors but without perception nothing would make sense. Sensation differs from perception, but the two go hand in hand to help us gain a greater understanding of the world around us. Perception forms such a large part in our day to day lives and many dont grasp how important it is to us and how lost we would be without our perceptions.

Mgt 445 Week 5 Individual Assignment: Article Analysis

A negotiation is a civil border that takes place to resolve and develop a solution mingled with all parties involved. Negotiations take place between all types of parties organizational and global. They be structured to resolve the situation in an orderly manner with steps and strategies. In 2003, a global situation occurred that required negotiation between countries. atomic number 7 Korea announced they were withdrawing from the thermonuclear non-proliferation treaty (NPT). Upon making this announcement, they also stated they do not intend on producing nuclear subdivisions.This information was revealed from the authorised North Korean News Agency, NKNA. When this was announced, it raised red flags around the world. Even though North Korea declared the withdrawal immediate, according to Article X, countries must give a three calendar month notice before withdrawal. North Korea made the decision to withdraw from the NPT is based on Bushs 2003 State of the Union Address, when he declared North Korea to be part of the axis of evil along with Iran and Iraq (Global Issues, 2006).Since the United States were preparing to invade Iraq, they felt they needed to create a credible deterrent in fictional character they were next. The non-proliferation treaty was developed to convince countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Germany, Japan, South Africa, South Korea, and North Korea to be non-nuclear countries. The treaty was enforced in 1970 and provided the framework needed to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons. A decennium before in 1993, North Korea threatened to withdraw from the NPT.There were several bilateral negotiations that took place resulting in North Korea retracting their statements just a few days before the withdrawal became effective. Since North Korea was no longer an official member of the treaty, there were few obstacles stopping them from developing and selling nuclear weapons, technology, and materials to other countries. There are only a few countries that are not members of the NPT. These countries are India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea. There were several severalize factors in this initial negotiation of nations.In order to prevent other countries from evaluating their stand on the NPT, the Bush administration developed a new approach to global security. Several key global blazonry tell agreements were implemented, these agreements included the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, the Biological Weapons Convention, the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, the Sort Treaty, and the process of strategic arms reductions with Russia (Global Issues, 2006). When North Korea decided to withdraw, they invoked their legal right to do so.The United States was worried that this action would increase international tension and risk Japan evaluating their position on nuclear weapons. Bill Richardson acted as a intercessor between the United States and North Korea. After several discussions and negotiations, North Korea said they wo uld halt all nuclear weapon developments. Shortly after making this agreement, they restated saying they would not give up their nuclear weapon program until the United States provides it with a civilian nuclear reactor.These actions made provisions for the entire treat to be reviewed, revised, and negotiated between countries. Actions or comments made by countries caused commitments to a nuclear weapons treaty to be revoked. This is a stark and sensitive subject globally and a nuclear war is feared by every country and their leaders. The same steps of negotiation are used in a global topic such as nuclear weapons and the NPT and it would be in an organizational negotiation.When these steps are carefully followed and sometimes calling in a third party mediator is necessary, a solution can be developed and implemented for the sake of all parties involved. References CNN knowledge domain. (2003, January 10). Retrieved from Nuclear Weapons North Korea Leaves Nuclear Pact http//artic les. cnn. com N Korea Withdraws From Nuclear Pact. (2003, January 10). Retrieved November 9, 2012, from BBC News World Edition http//news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/asia-pacific. com Global Issues. (2006, October 26). Retrieved from North Korea and Nuclear Weapons http//www. globalissues. org

Analysis of grammatical structures Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of grammatical structures - engagement ExampleUsing metaphors and personification The grammatical dissemination of sentential structure explores metaphorical development. This extension is fully explored by complementing the domain discourse evidently demonstrated in the extract.Blocked out the July sunlight in a small dark room that smelt of ashtrays and disappointment July sunlight represents a correlative construction of a noun and the designate is also personified dark room that smelt of ashtrays. These two contingent structures propel the catch of the sentence and provide the complex extension of the two-part sentence. The sentence path undertakes subsequent proceeding with initial reaction of non-standard English being meaningfully applied. The prerequisite of the metaphor offers systematic reduction of the actual meaning of the sentence and it creates the typical grammatical category needed to vaguely generate completeness in the domain of space and time. The no un effected in the passage also defines typical grammatical inconsistencies. The language is quantified and it hosts critical path which is rationed in order to reduce subsequent link between the relative statements and the positives of the language. Yet grammatically the provision for categorizing the noun is every bit determined by the actions relative to Scotts personal speech and the referential functions. Ideally, these sentences are consistent with the work of Joan et al, (1994) and Bernard, (1996). For the constrained sentences, the specific modifications are relevantly ideal and the constructs of the

Sainsbury and NHS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sainsbury and NHS - Assignment ExampleThe paper analyzes Sainsbury and NHS ground of their pecuniary and invoice performances. First paper of the paper analyzes the financial performance of the two companies whereas the second fragment comments upon the accounting profit as a measure to the organization. This includes critical discussion on the relevance of accounting profit as a performance measure in an organization. The financial analysis of two companies would be based on the CORE framework. Sainsbury Plc is a company listed in London Stock Exchange and is booked in primarily the retailing business. The other businesses of the company include financial services and retail investment businesses within UK (Sainsbury Annual Report 2010). With the help of e-commerce technologies, the company provides home-delivery shopping services to its customers through internet. With a mart capitalization of 1.59 billion, the company currently operates in over 900 stores in and around UK. T he company was incorporated in 1869 with headquarters in London (Sainsbury Annual Report 2010). National Health Service (NHS) was incorporated in 1948 in United Kingdom and is now the worlds largest publicly funded health service. The services of subject health services are free of cost for anyone residing in UK. . It covers everything from antenatal screening to open center of attention surgery, accident and emergency treatment and end-of-life care (NHS Choices 2011). NHS is also certified with The Information Standard. NHS also has a to the full functional website, which helps patients to provide online information and online services. A patient can have access to the medical examination advice through the website of NHS (NHS Choices 2011). It also has a symptom checker that can assist patients in determine their disease, by checking for the symptoms and matching it with their own level of comfort. Analysis Sainsbury Key Financials 31/03/2010 31/03/2009 31/03/2008 31/03/2 007 31/03/2006 mil GBP mil GBP mil GBP mil GBP mil GBP Turnover 19,964 18,911 17,837 17,151 16,061 Profit (Loss) before revenue enhancement 733 466 479 477 104 authorise Tangible Assets (Liab.) 7,918 6,954 6,850 6,680 7,746 Shareholders Funds 4,966 4,376 4,935 4,349 3,886 Profit Margin (%) 3.67 2.46 2.69 2.78 0.65 Return on Shareholders Funds (%) 14.76 10.65 9.71 10.97 2.68 Return on bang-up Employed (%) 9.09 6.55 6.83 6.96 1.31 Liquidity Ratio (x) 0.41 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.68 Gearing (%) 63.81 66.09 44.54 65.97 169.92 Number of Employees 97,300 97,300 98,600 95,500 96,200 Top Grocery Stores Companies by Market capital Company Symbol Price Change Market Cap P/E Tesco PLC TSCO.L 407.25 0.27% 10.87B 437.90 J Sainsbury PLC SBRY.L 341.90 0.06% 1.59B 236.77 Greggs PLC GRG.L 513.00 0.59% 1.53B 4,130.14 Wm Morrison Supermarkets PLC MRW.L 288.30 0.70% 1.53B 246.41 Ocado classify PLC OCDO.L 234.80 3.25% 1.22B N/A Wesfarmers Limited WESN.AX 33.31 0.42% 77.08B 41.40 Source NHS Key Fi nancials PROFILE 31-01-10 31-01-09 31-01-08 31-01-07 31-01-06 Turnover 214,300 248,000 236,100 241,300 246,300 Profit (Loss) before Taxation -8,700 -17,400 3,100 4,000 15,700 Net Tangible Assets (Liab.) 70,700 102,600 104,900 107,300 114,800 Shareholders Funds 71,100 102,200 117,000 119,700 125,900 Profit Margin (%) -4.06 -7.02 1.31 1.66 6.37 Return on Shareholders Funds (%) -12.24 -17.03 2.65 3.34 12.47 Return on Capital Employed (%) -11.90 -16.59 2.61 3.29 12.28 Liquidity Ratio 1.21 1.33 1.62 1.52 1.51 Gearing Ratio (%) 2.81 3.23 3.93 7.60 4.77 Number of Employees 3,173 3,407 3,247 3,183 3,082 Ratio Analysis For analyzing the financial performance of Sainsbury and NHS, ratios would be an effective tool of control. In the